♥SUMMARY OF PSYCHODYNAMIC APPROACH♥

psychodynamics - the study and theory of psychological forces which underline human behaviour, and the interaction between the conscious and subconscious.

For instance, a simple illustration which touches upon several topics listed above: when someone has a phobia, but without realizing why, then, therapy sessions may reveal an incident long since forgotten still affecting processes on the conscious level. Say someone fears dogs, without knowing why - even when the dog is leashed and far away, intellectually one knows there is no danger and yet despite that the irrational fear and desire to flee persist (or fear of spiders the most common irrational fear, and yet so hard to shake or realize why). So, let's say it turns out that at some very early age, an incident involving a dog bite, ingrained a sense of fear of dogs. This incident may have long since been forgotten, passing into the subconscious, and yet, persists to affect the individual's behavior and response whenevr a dog is seen or heard.

♥SUMMARY OF COGNITIVE APPROACH♥

The cognitive approach applies a nomothetic approach to discover human cognitive processes, but have also adopted idiographic techniques through using case studies (e.g. KF, HM).

 

observable behavior and recordable data involving stimuli and response. The cognitive approach builds on this theory yet examines the thought process between stimuli...

 

Ellis & Aaron T Beck developed the present form of the Cognitive approach to psychology in the 1950s. This development emerged from a growing dissatisfaction with...

 

 between abstract and concrete, it almost ends up alienating both sides. The cognitive approach to psychology is the first step to understanding human thought...

♥SUMMARY OF BEHAVIORIST APPROACH♥

Learning takes place as a result of external experiences or practices. Learning is the change in behavior due to the external experiences or practices. Learning can be modified by enforcements (positive or negative), and happens through directed drill and practice. The learner can give the predicted outcomes to a particular stimulus.  

1) What is Behaviorist Approach ?

 its including genetics and brain chemistry, are de-emphasized in favor of environmental factors.

2) What is learning ?

Learning psychology is the theory behind research-based strategies used to design teaching materials and deliver instruction to students of different ages, learning styles and other characteristics. Understanding how people learn provides the basic framework for creating teaching and learning practices.

3) what are the two kinds of learning ?

    

  and their differences ?   4) What is Behaviorism ?

Behaviorism holds that only observable behaviors should be studied, as cognition and mood are too subjective. According to behaviorist theory, our responses to environmental stimuli shapes our behaviors. Important concepts such as classical.
5) What is parsimony ?
The principle of parsimony is defined as "a scientific rule that states that if there exists two answers to a problem or a question, and if, for one answer to be true, well-established laws of logic and science must be re-written, ignored, or suspended in order to allow it to be true, and for the other answer to be true no such accommodation need be made, then the simpler of the two answers is much more likely to be correct.
6) What is associationism ?
associationism, theory that all consciousness is the result of the combination, in accordance with the law of association, of certain simple and ultimate elements derived from sense experiences. 
7) Who is Edwin L. Thorndike ?
Edwin L.Thorndike, was an American psychologist, who’s thinking is thoroughly associationistic. He was a functionalist in his emphasis on the utilitarian aspect of psychology.
8) What is the law of effect ? 
The law of effect is a principle of the psychology of learning described by Edward Thorndike (1911): It holds that responses that produce a satisfying or pleasant state of affairs in a particular situation are more likely to occur again in a similar situation.

9) what is response ?
 response is any reaction to stimulus, whether over or mental, for the behaviorist,a measurable change in behavior.

10) what is reflex ?reflex is an unlearned response that can be striggered by specific environmental stimuli.

GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY

jefferlyn-simplyamazing: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY: " I’ve learned a lot in general psychology. That most of the things that happened in our..."

♥GENERAL PSYHOLOGY♥

   I’ve learned a lot in general psychology. That most of the things that happened in our daily life touches psychology.

         It touches more on our human being. I’ve learned that even you’ve gifted a lot of knowledge and skills, it is important that

         you also have a good attitude. Because whatever knowledge and skills you have, if you are not a good person it is non-

        sense at all. You must need to have the K.S.A.

                      I’ve learned that not because you are in the school , the reason is you want  to learn more. You must know to yourself

           that you really want to learn by means of appreciating whatever you heard to your mentor. Being prepared is so important

           to find more . Your mind should be important to be function and your presence must  be always there, to make you understand

          everything that will be discuss. If you are always being shy to express what you want to share on the four corners of the room,

          your  making yourself to be one of the dead people in the room.

                    I’ve learned that once I enter the room, I need to have the S.M.I.L.E principle, so that I can easily absorb all the lessons

          That must be discuss and I can share it to others. I’ve learned that if I really want to learn everything, I must need to give my 

           whole  heart to the discussion and appreciate everything that is being shared.

                  I’ am expecting that I will learn million of lessons in General psychology ,and I want to say thank you to you Mr. Hector

            for giving  us stimulant to learn more and to understand everything. GODBLESS=)